Selenium WebDriver Handbook

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This post will describe some of the basic webdriver commands we as testers use daily to perform actions on web applications. I call this my personal Selenium webdriver handbook, because i can always refer to commands i may have forgotten while writing my test.

Over the years i have come across different commands and best practices with Selenium, which makes me refactor most of my code from time to time. With this in mind, I will keep updating this post from time to time, as i explore or come across better practices. 

The focus language here is Java.

• Create a new instance of Firefox Driver

WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();

• Create a new instance of Chrome Driver

System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "C:\\chromedriver_win32\\chromedriver.exe");
ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
options.addArguments("test-type");
WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver(options);

• Create a new instance of IE Driver

System.setProperty("webdriver.ie.driver", "C:\\IEDriverServer.exe");

// to resolve "enable protected Mode for all zones" Error RunTime
DesiredCapabilities cap = DesiredCapabilities.internetExplorer();
cap.setCapability(InternetExplorerDriver.INTRODUCE_FLAKINESS_BY_IGNORING_SECURITY_DOMAINS, true);

WebDriver driver = new InternetExplorerDriver(cap);

• load Url

driver.get("http://www.testdiary.com/");

• Get page title

driver.getTitle();

• Get current URL

driver.getCurrentUrl();

• Nagivate to URL, Navigate Back, Navigate Forward

driver.navigate().to("http://www.testdiary.com/training/seleniumbeginner/");
//navigate to previous page
driver.navigate().back();
//navigate forward
driver.navigate().forward();

• Click on an element in on a webpage

driver.findElement(By.id("xxxxxx")).click();

• Insert text into a text field

driver.findElement(By.name("xxxx")).sendKeys("Olufemi Ade-olusile");

• Get text from webpage

String housenames = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("selector").getText();

• Handling drop downs (Select and deselect by Visible Text)

//select
Select country = new Select(driver.findElement(By.id("xxxx")));
country.selectByVisibleText("United Kingdom");

//Deselect
Select country = new Select(driver.findElement(By.id("xxxx")));
country.deselectByVisibleText("United Kingdom");

• Handling drop downs (Select and deselect by Visible Value)

//Select
Select country = new Select(driver.findElement(By.name("xxxxx")));
country.selectByValue("UK");

//Deselect
Select country = new Select(driver.findElement(By.name("xxxxx")));
country.deselectByValue("UK");;

• Handling drop downs (Select and deselect by Visible Index)

//Select
Select country = new Select(driver.findElement(By.xpath("xxxxx")));
country.selectByIndex(40);

//Deselect
Select country = new Select(driver.findElement(By.xpath("xxxxx")));
country.deselectByIndex(40);

• Handling drop downs (deselect all)

Select country = new Select(driver.findElement(By.id("xxxxx")));
country.deselectAll();

• Implicit wait

driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(20, TimeUnit.SECONDS);

• Explicit wait

WebDriverWait pause = new WebDriverWait(driver, 20);
pause.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.xpath("xxxx")));

• Return Domain name with Javascript

JavascriptExecutor domainname = (JavascriptExecutor) driver;
String currDomainName =(String)domainname.executeScript("return document.domain");

• Generate alert popup window in Selenium (Javascript)

JavascriptExecutor Jalert = (JavascriptExecutor)driver;
Js.executeScript("alert('Testdiary is good');");

• Click a button with Javascript

JavascriptExecutor click = (JavascriptExecutor)driver;
click.executeScript("arguments[0].click();", xxxxxx);

• Verify if element is present on webpage

Boolean iselementpresent = driver.findElements(By.id("xxxx")).size()!= 0;

• Enable or Disable Text box with Javascript

// enable textbox
JavascriptExecutor js = (JavascriptExecutor) driver;
String enable = "document.getElementsByid('xxxxx')[0].removeAttribute('disabled');";
js.executeScript(enable);

// disable textbox
JavascriptExecutor js = (JavascriptExecutor) driver;
String disable = "document.getElementsByid('xxxxx')[0].setAttribute('disabled', '');";
js.executeScript(disable);

• Check if element is Enabled, is selected, is displayed

// is enabled
boolean test = driver.findElement(By.xpath("xxx")).isEnabled();
System.out.print(test);

// is selected
boolean test = driver.findElement(By.xpath("xxx")).isSelected();
System.out.print(test);

// is displayed
boolean test = driver.findElement(By.xpath("xxx")).isDisplayed();
System.out.print(test);

• Capture full page screenshot

File newscreenshot = ((TakesScreenshot)driver).getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE);
FileUtils.copyFile(newscreenshot, new File("C:\\newscreenshot.jpg"));

• Handle multiple windows

 //Get All Window Handles.
Set<String> window = driver.getWindowHandles();

//handle the parent and child window from all window handles
String firstwindow = (String) window.toArray()[0];
String secondwindow = (String) window.toArray()[1];

//switch from one window to another
driver.switchTo().window(secondwindow);
driver.switchTo().window(firstwindow);

• Accept  page alert

driver.switchTo().alert().accept();

• Insert text into alert text box

driver.switchTo().alert().sendKeys("testdiary is good");

• Dismiss alert text box

driver.switchTo().alert().dismiss();

• Mouse hover

Actions mouse = new Actions(driver);
WebElement move = driver.findElement(By.name("xxxxx"));
mouse.moveToElement(move);

• Tables and Selenium

 WebElement table = driver.findElement(By.xpath("xxxxx"));
//save table row as a list
List<WebElement> row = table.findElements(By.tagName("tr"));
//iterate through the table row
for (WebElement rnum : row) {
//Save column with tagname td on every row as a list
List<WebElement> col = rnum.findElements(By.tagName("td"));
//get column size
col.size();
//click on column 0 on every row
col.get(0).findElement(By.tagName("a")).click();
}

Next post will begin our first test with Selenium Webdriver

Happy Testing!!!!!